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ABSTRACT

This study presents the genome sequence and comparative analysis of Brucella melitensis isolate VPH 19 03, revealing significant genome reduction compared to the reference strain B. melitensis 16M. The genome of VPH-19-03 measures 3.08 Mb with a genome fraction of 93.94 percent, underscoring the pathogen s evolutionary adaptation to an intracellular lifestyle. Through the gene presence and or absence analysis, the absence of genes involved in critical metabolic pathways, stress response systems, and transport mechanisms was identified. The absence of these genes, such as glycine cleavage system H protein and multiple ABC transporters, reflects the pathogen reliance on host-derived nutrients and reduced environmental stress. These findings offer valuable insights into the genomic streamlining in Brucella melitensis and its implications for virulence, persistence, and host-pathogen interactions.

Key words: Genome reduction, adaptive evolution, host dependency, Brucella melitensis