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ABSTRACT

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in foodborne pathogens is a rapidly emerging global health threat that undermines the effectiveness of antibiotics and jeopardizes food safety. This paper explores the complex factors contributing to this issue, including the misuse of antibiotics in agriculture, aquaculture, veterinary, and human sectors, the transfer of resistance genes between bacteria, and the challenges related to surveillance and control. It highlights the most concerning resistant foodborne pathogens, pathways of resistance dissemination, and the impact of AMR on human health. Finally, the paper discusses the strategies needed to combat this growing threat, emphasizing the importance of a one-health approach involving coordinated efforts across the human, animal, and environmental sectors.

Keywords: AMR, foodborne pathogens, genes, mechanism