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Page No. : 73-76

ABSTRACT

Antibiotic resistance is a complex issue driven by the excessive use of antimicrobial agents, impacting public health in numerous ways. Foodborne pathogens contribute to economic and health challenges, causing fatalities across nearly all demographics, with children and immunocompromised individuals being particularly vulnerable. Various mechanisms, especially the horizontal transfer of virulence and antibiotic resistance genes, can lead to antibiotic resistance. Klebsiella pneumoniae, an opportunistic pathogen, is present in soil, skin, intestines, and mammalian faeces, as well as in food. Humans serve as significant reservoirs for K. pneumoniae. Studies indicate the presence of K. pneumoniae in food samples, with a higher occurrence in sweets and snacks, and all strains exhibiting multidrug resistance. Antibiotic resistance poses a significant public health threat in the 21st century. Currently, antibiotics for antimicrobial resistance (AMR) or bacterial infections are the last line of defence, yet they are becoming ineffective. To address the escalating problem of antibiotic resistance, it is crucial to focus on infection prevention and control measures, along with the judicious use of antibiotics.
This review presented various antimicrobial resistance genes and the role different foods play in their spread.

Keywords: AMR, animal, food, India, Klebsiella pneumoniae